The Complete Guide

What Is Leadership Development? And why most companies get it wrong.

Leadership development is how organizations build stronger leaders at every level. Not through a one-time workshop. Not through a motivational speaker at the annual offsite. Through sustained, structured programs that help people actually grow into the leaders their teams need them to be.

20 min readLast updated February 2026
The Basics

Leadership development, defined plainly.

Leadership development is the ongoing process of helping people build the skills, self-awareness, and judgment they need to lead others well. It covers everything from how a first-time manager gives feedback to how a VP navigates organizational politics to how a CEO makes decisions that ripple across thousands of people.

The phrase gets used loosely. Companies throw it on everything from a half-day seminar to a full-blown multi-year investment. But at its core, leadership development answers a simple question: How do we help the people responsible for leading others actually get better at it?

That question matters because most people who become leaders were never taught how to lead. They were promoted because they were good at their previous job. An outstanding engineer becomes an engineering manager. A top sales rep becomes a sales director. The skills that got them promoted are rarely the skills they need in their new role. And without intentional development, many struggle in silence.

A working definition: Leadership development is any structured effort, including coaching, cohort programs, workshops, and feedback systems, that helps current and emerging leaders build the capabilities to guide teams, make better decisions, and grow the people around them.

Notice what's missing from that definition: it's not limited to executives. It's not a single event. And it's not something you "complete." Leadership development is an ongoing capability you build into your organization, not a box you check.


The Stakes

Why it matters more now than five years ago.

Organizations have always needed good leaders. What's changed is the pace and complexity of the demands placed on them. Hybrid and remote work rewired how teams communicate. AI is reshaping entire job functions. Employee expectations around transparency, flexibility, and purpose have fundamentally shifted. Tenure is down. Turnover costs are up. And the middle layer of management, the people translating strategy into daily execution, is carrying more weight than ever.

86%of executives rate leadership development as "urgent" or "important" (Deloitte)
13%say they do an excellent job developing leaders at all levels
70%of employee engagement variance is attributed to the direct manager (Gallup)

That gap between urgency and execution is where companies lose people, money, and momentum. When a first-time manager doesn't know how to have a difficult conversation, the problem doesn't stay contained. It shows up in engagement scores, exit interviews, and the quiet disengagement of people who stop bringing their best ideas to work.

Leadership development isn't a nice-to-have. It's the infrastructure that determines whether your growing organization stays healthy or starts breaking at the seams.

The compounding cost of doing nothing

Skipping leadership development doesn't feel expensive in the short term. There's no line item for "managers who avoid giving feedback" or "directors who can't delegate." But the costs show up everywhere: in regrettable attrition, in teams that can't execute, in the executive who keeps making decisions that should have been made two levels down. Those aren't leadership problems in the abstract. They're leadership development failures with real financial impact.


The Landscape

What leadership development actually looks like.

Leadership development isn't one thing. It's a category that includes a wide range of approaches, formats, and delivery methods. The best programs combine several of these, matched to where people actually are in their leadership journey.

1:1 coaching

A confidential relationship between a leader and a trained coach. Coaching is where leaders work through real challenges in real time: a team restructure, a relationship with a difficult peer, a career transition they're navigating. The value of coaching is specificity. It's not generic advice. It's support shaped to the exact situation someone is facing. Learn about Boon SCALE →

Cohort-based programs

Groups of leaders going through a structured curriculum together, usually over weeks or months. Cohort programs create shared language, peer accountability, and a safe space to practice new skills. They're particularly effective for managers at the same career stage who are facing similar challenges. Learn about Boon GROW →

Executive coaching

Higher-stakes, more confidential coaching for senior leaders. The decisions at this level ripple across the whole organization, so the coaching relationship tends to be deeper, more strategic, and more focused on organizational impact. Learn about Boon EXEC →

Workshops and facilitated sessions

Focused, typically shorter-format experiences designed to build a specific skill or align a team around a shared challenge. The best workshops aren't lectures. They're interactive, grounded in the team's real context, and followed by application. Learn about Boon TOGETHER →

Mentoring programs

Pairing less experienced leaders with more senior ones for guidance and knowledge transfer. Mentoring works well for navigating organizational culture and career development but tends to be less structured than coaching.

360-degree feedback and assessments

Tools that give leaders visibility into how others experience their leadership. The data isn't the development. It's the starting point for a conversation about what to work on and why.

On-the-job development

Stretch assignments, cross-functional projects, job rotations, and other experiences that push leaders outside their comfort zone. Research consistently shows that experience is the most powerful teacher, but only when it's paired with reflection and support.

The integration problem: Most companies aren't missing any of these pieces. They're missing the connective tissue. Coaching happens in one system. Workshops happen in another. Assessments live in a spreadsheet. Nobody owns the whole picture. When development is fragmented, context gets lost, adoption drops, and you can't show what's actually working.

The Capabilities

The skills that matter most.

Leadership frameworks vary, but the research converges on a handful of capabilities that separate leaders who grow their teams from leaders who simply manage tasks. These aren't "soft skills." They're the hard work of leading people well.

Self-awareness

Understanding your own strengths, blind spots, triggers, and patterns. Self-awareness is the foundation. Without it, everything else is guesswork. A leader who doesn't recognize their tendency to avoid conflict will never address the performance issues dragging their team down.

Communication

Not just presenting well. Listening actively, giving feedback that actually changes behavior, navigating difficult conversations, and adapting your message to different audiences. Communication is where most new managers struggle first.

Decision-making under ambiguity

As leaders move up, the decisions get grayer. There's rarely a clearly right answer. The skill is in making sound judgments with incomplete information, communicating the reasoning, and adjusting when new data arrives.

Building trust and psychological safety

Creating an environment where people feel safe to speak up, take risks, and admit mistakes. This isn't about being "nice." It's about building the conditions where teams do their best work.

Coaching and developing others

Leaders who develop other leaders multiply their impact. This means moving beyond telling people what to do and instead asking better questions, delegating meaningfully, and investing time in someone else's growth.

Managing change and resilience

Every organization is navigating constant change. Leaders need to help their teams absorb disruption, maintain focus, and keep moving forward even when the ground is shifting.

Strategic thinking

Connecting daily decisions to longer-term organizational goals. Seeing the system, not just the task. Understanding how your team's work fits into the bigger picture and helping others see it too.

Leadership is gray, not black and white. The leaders who grow are the ones who get comfortable with complexity instead of pretending everything is simple.


The Pitfalls

Where most programs fall apart.

Companies spend billions on leadership development globally. A significant portion of that investment doesn't produce lasting change. Here's why.

The event trap

A two-day offsite with a keynote speaker is not a leadership development program. It's an event. Events create energy, not behavior change. Without follow-up coaching, practice, and accountability, the insights from a workshop fade within weeks. Development happens over months, not hours.

Only investing at the top

Most companies reserve coaching and structured development for executives and a small group of "high-potentials." Everyone else, the managers making daily leadership decisions, the senior ICs navigating career transitions, the new directors figuring out how to lead teams, gets nothing. Or worse, they get a generic e-learning module and no follow-up. The middle is where companies break or scale. Invest there.

No connection to real work

Development that feels theoretical doesn't stick. If a manager learns about "situational leadership" in a classroom but never gets to practice it with feedback, the learning stays abstract. The best programs are anchored in the actual challenges people face on Monday morning.

Fragmented vendors and tools

One vendor for coaching. Another for cohort programs. A third for assessments. A fourth for workshops. Nothing connects. The coach doesn't know what happened in the workshop. The assessment results don't inform the coaching. Context gets lost, and nobody can see the full picture of what's working.

No way to measure impact

When the CEO asks "what's changing?" and the L&D team can't answer, the budget gets questioned. Measuring leadership development is genuinely hard, but it's not impossible. The problem is that most programs are built without measurement in mind from the start.

Treating it as a "perk" instead of infrastructure

When leadership development is positioned as a benefit ("we offer coaching!"), it becomes optional. When it's positioned as how the company builds leadership capacity, it becomes essential. The framing matters.

What doesn't workWhat does
One-time workshop with no follow-upOngoing coaching + practice + accountability
Coaching for execs onlyDevelopment at every leadership level
Generic content disconnected from real workPrograms configured to your actual challenges
Four disconnected vendorsOne system where context carries forward
"We'll know it's working when we see it"Built-in measurement from day one

Stop managing four vendors for one job.

Boon brings coaching, manager development, executive support, and team workshops into one system that grows with your organization.

Book a Strategy CallSee how it works →

The Playbook

How to build a program that actually works.

There's no single formula, but programs that produce lasting change tend to share a few characteristics.

Start with the problem, not the modality

Don't start by asking "should we buy coaching?" Start by asking "where are our leaders struggling?" Maybe new managers are drowning in feedback conversations. Maybe your director-level leaders can't delegate. Maybe your exec team isn't aligned on strategy. The development approach should follow the diagnosis, not the other way around.

Match the format to the challenge

Coaching is great for personalized, confidential support on complex challenges. Cohort programs work when a group of leaders needs to build the same foundational skills. Workshops are best for team-level alignment and skill-building. The best programs use multiple formats, calibrated to what different populations actually need.

Make it continuous, not episodic

A workshop is a moment. Behavior change takes months. Build in follow-up coaching after workshops. Create spacing between cohort sessions so people can practice. Design the program so that support is available when challenges arise, not just on a predetermined schedule.

Connect the pieces

If someone goes through a cohort program and then starts 1:1 coaching, the coach should know what they learned and what they're working on. If a 360-degree assessment reveals a gap, the coaching should address it. Development that connects creates compounding growth. Development that's disconnected creates confusion.

Involve managers

The most effective programs give managers visibility into their team's development, not the content of coaching sessions, but the themes, participation patterns, and growth trajectories. When managers can see what their people are working on and reinforce it in the day-to-day, development accelerates.

Design for measurement from the start

Decide upfront what success looks like. Is it improved engagement scores? Higher promotion readiness? Reduced time-to-productivity for new managers? Better retention? Then build in the checkpoints to track progress. Don't wait until the end to figure out if it worked.


The Audience

Who needs leadership development (hint: not just executives)

The traditional model concentrated development at the top. Executives got coaching. Directors got a conference. Everyone else got an annual review and maybe an e-learning library nobody used. That model is breaking.

First-time managers

The transition from individual contributor to manager is one of the hardest in anyone's career. They need to learn how to give feedback, delegate, have difficult conversations, and manage performance, often with zero formal preparation. This is where cohort-based programs like GROW make the biggest difference.

Mid-level managers and directors

These are the people translating strategy into execution. They're managing managers, navigating organizational politics, and juggling competing priorities. They often feel squeezed: responsible for more, with less time to develop themselves. Coaching gives them a thinking partner for the complexity they face daily.

Senior leaders and executives

The decisions at this level have outsized impact. A bad hire, a misaligned strategy, a poorly managed reorganization, the stakes are high. Executive coaching provides confidential sparring on the decisions that ripple across the organization. EXEC is designed for exactly this.

High-potential individual contributors

Not everyone who could lead is currently leading. Developing high-potential ICs before they step into leadership roles reduces the shock of the transition and improves their readiness.

Intact teams navigating change

When teams are going through a merger, a reorg, a leadership transition, or a strategic pivot, they need facilitated support to get aligned and rebuild trust. TOGETHER was built for these moments.

The real shift: Leadership development used to be a reward for the top 10%. The companies getting it right are treating it as infrastructure for everyone who leads, at any level. Not because it's egalitarian (though it is). Because that's where the leverage is.

The Proof

Measuring impact without guessing.

This is where most programs lose credibility. The CEO asks "is this working?" and the L&D team pulls out attendance numbers and satisfaction surveys. That's not impact. That's activity.

Meaningful measurement requires thinking about leadership development the way you'd think about any other business investment: what outcomes are we trying to drive, and can we track progress toward them?

Leading indicators

These tell you whether the development is taking hold before you see business results. Participation rates and engagement are table stakes. More meaningful: Are leaders applying what they're learning? Are their coaches observing behavior change? Are their teams reporting improved communication or trust?

Lagging indicators

These are the business outcomes leadership development should eventually influence: employee engagement scores, retention rates (especially in teams with developed leaders vs. those without), promotion readiness, time-to-productivity for new managers, and 360-degree feedback trends over time.

Competency growth tracking

The most rigorous approach maps development to specific competencies and tracks growth over time, coach-observed, not self-reported. This gives organizations visibility into whether leaders are actually building the capabilities that matter, without compromising the confidentiality that makes coaching work.

What "visibility without surveillance" means

There's a tension in measurement. If you track too much, you destroy the trust that makes coaching effective. If you track nothing, you can't justify the investment. The answer is tracking participation, progress, and competency growth at the aggregate level, showing what's changing across the leadership population, without exposing what any individual said in a coaching session. This is a hard balance to strike, and most programs don't even try.


Going Deeper

The role of coaching in leadership development.

Coaching has become the centerpiece of most modern leadership development programs, and for good reason. Unlike workshops or e-learning, coaching is personalized to the individual. The conversation is shaped by their specific challenges, their context, their goals. A coaching session doesn't cover "leadership theory." It addresses "how do I handle the conversation I need to have with my direct report on Friday?"

What makes coaching effective

Not all coaching is the same. The research on what actually drives coaching outcomes points to a few critical factors: the quality of the coach-client relationship, the specificity of the goals, and the degree to which coaching is connected to real-world application. A great coach doesn't just listen. They challenge assumptions, offer frameworks, hold the leader accountable, and push them toward the growth edge where real development happens.

The coach matching problem

Most platforms treat coach matching like a marketplace. Here are fifty coaches, pick one. That approach puts the burden on the employee to evaluate coaching styles and expertise they have no framework for assessing. Better matching factors in role, industry, coaching focus, seniority, and context. The right match isn't just someone with good credentials. It's someone who's been in the room the leader is trying to navigate.

Coaching at scale vs. coaching as a perk

There's a meaningful difference between "we offer coaching as a benefit" and "coaching is embedded in how we develop leaders." The first approach results in low utilization and fragmented impact. The second approach, where coaching is part of a system that includes cohort programs, manager visibility, and competency tracking, creates compounding growth. When someone gets promoted, their coach relationship and development history come with them. No starting over.

Executives get coaching. Everyone else gets a workshop and a prayer. That's the gap most companies are still operating with.


Our Approach

How Boon approaches leadership development.

Boon is a leadership development system, not a vendor, not a marketplace, not a point solution. It brings coaching, manager development, executive support, and team capability into one architecture that compounds as organizations scale.

Most companies cobble together three or four vendors for coaching, cohorts, exec support, and workshops. Nothing connects. The coach doesn't know what happened in the workshop. The assessment results don't inform the coaching. You're managing four relationships for one job.

Boon is one system. Same coaches. Continuous thread. When someone gets promoted, their development journey continues. No reset.

Four programs, one system

What makes Boon different

Configured to your problems. Every organization has different pressure points. Maybe new managers are drowning, or ICs are ready for leadership, or executives need confidential sparring. Boon maps the system to where you actually need it.

Coaches who've done the job. Boon matches your people with coaches who've been in their shoes: former execs, functional leaders, operators who understand the decisions your team is facing. Not generic credentials. Real context.

Visibility without surveillance. Track participation, progress, and competency growth across your leadership population, without compromising the confidentiality that makes coaching work. Managers see themes and trajectory. Never session content.

A system you won't outgrow. Start with one program. Add others as you see results. Coverage from IC to C-suite, in one system where everything talks to each other.

Build a leadership development program that actually fits.

110+ enterprise customers. 270+ certified coaches. One system that compounds as your organization grows.

Schedule a ConversationExplore all four programs →

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What's the difference between leadership development and management training?

Management training tends to focus on operational skills: how to run a meeting, manage a budget, or use a performance review system. Leadership development goes deeper. It builds self-awareness, emotional intelligence, decision-making under ambiguity, and the ability to grow other people. Both matter. But most organizations over-index on the tactical and under-invest in the human side.

How long does leadership development take to show results?

Behavior change, which is what you're really after, typically takes three to six months of sustained effort to become visible. You'll see leading indicators earlier: increased self-awareness, better conversations, shifts in how someone approaches problems. Lagging indicators like engagement scores and retention take six to twelve months. Programs that promise overnight transformation aren't being honest about how people actually change.

What does leadership development cost?

It varies widely based on the approach. Executive coaching can range from $500 to $1,000+ per session. Cohort programs typically cost $2,000 to $10,000 per participant depending on length and format. Workshops range from $3,000 to $15,000 per session. The more important question is what it costs to not invest: one bad manager can drive turnover that costs multiples of any development budget. Boon uses usage-based pricing that scales with your team, so you're not paying for seats nobody uses.

Should leadership development be mandatory or voluntary?

It depends on the program. Cohort-based programs for new managers often work best when they're part of the role expectation, because the skills are foundational. Coaching tends to work best when it's opt-in, because the coachee needs to be engaged and willing. The key is making programs accessible and well-positioned rather than forcing participation that breeds resentment.

How do I convince my CEO that leadership development is worth the investment?

Don't lead with "we should invest in coaching." Lead with the business problem: "We promoted 40 new managers last year and gave them zero preparation. Our engagement scores in those teams dropped. Three high performers left." Then connect the development program to that specific problem with measurable goals. CEOs don't fund abstract development. They fund solutions to problems they recognize.

What's the difference between coaching and mentoring?

A coach is a trained professional who helps leaders build specific capabilities through structured conversations, accountability, and evidence-based frameworks. A mentor is typically a more senior internal leader who shares experience and advice. Both have value, but they serve different purposes. Coaching is more structured, more confidential, and more focused on the coachee's specific development goals. Mentoring is more relational and focused on navigating organizational culture and career paths.

Can AI replace human coaching?

AI can complement coaching. It can help with practice, reflection, and reinforcement between sessions. But the core of coaching is a relationship between two humans, where trust, challenge, and nuanced judgment create the conditions for growth. The most important moments in coaching happen when a leader is vulnerable, uncertain, or navigating something they've never faced before. Those moments require a human on the other side. AI can be a useful tool in the system. It's not a replacement for the relationship.

How does Boon handle leadership development differently?

Boon brings coaching, cohort programs, executive coaching, and team workshops into one system instead of requiring four separate vendors. Coaches are matched based on role, industry, and context. Managers get visibility into team development themes without seeing session content. And competency growth is tracked over time, so you can actually show what's changing. The result is development that compounds instead of getting lost.


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